C-3 Definitions

This file was last updated April 23, 1996.

{any Tagging call} & Scatter --- [C3B]

Do the {any Tagging call} to the 1/2 Tag position; Scatter Scoot. Ends in Parallel Waves.

{any Tagging call} Chain Thru --- [C3A]

Do the {any Tagging call} to the 1/2 Tag position; Scoot Chain Thru. Ends in Parallel Waves.

The following is a list of Tagging calls that could be used at C3. The part of the call name which is CAPITALIZED indicates what would be used (i.e., the part of the call name shown in {squiggly brackets} is conventionally omitted).

• CHASE {The Tag}
• CROSS FLIP {The Line}
• CROSS LOOP & TAG
• DOUBLE PASS {Thru}
• FLIP {The Line}
• INVERT {The Column}
• LOOP & TAG
• TAG {The Line}
• TRACK {n}
• VERTICAL TAG {The Line}

Example: Flip Chain Thru is 1/2 Flip The Line; Scoot Chain Thru.

{any Tagging call} The Top --- [C3B]

Do the {any Tagging call} to the 1/2 Tag position; 1/2 Circulate; Center Wave Spin The Top as Others Trade. Ends in a Tidal Wave.

{anything} Reaction --- [C3A]

Do the {anything} call leaving off the final Extend, then do a full Chain Reaction. The {anything} call is usually a Scoot Back variation of a Tagging call.

Note: For tagging calls, there is an unspoken `Back' (Scoot Back) in them (e.g., Flip Reaction: from Parallel Waves do a Flip Back Centers To a Wave --- the Ends would naturally do a U-Turn Back as part of the Flip Back --- then all do a full Chain Reaction).

Examples: Scoot Reaction, Scoot Chain Thru Reaction, Scatter Scoot Reaction, Tag Reaction, Cross Flip Reaction, Open Up Reaction, Triple Play Reaction, Transaction (Transfer The Column Reaction), Rotary Circulate Reaction.

Variations: instead of Reaction, the caller may give another call such as Cross Reaction (for Cross Chain Reaction), Reactivate, Cross Reactivate, Nuclear Reaction, or Cross Nuclear Reaction.

{anything} The Lock --- [C3A]

From applicable formations.

Do the {anything} call; Lockit. Usually ends in a Wave or Two-Faced Line.

{anything} The Cross Lock [C3B]: Do the {anything} call; Cross Lockit.

{n} Step(s) At A Time --- [C3B]

From Columns.

The Lead {n} dancers Peel Off to end in a Line of {n}, Step Ahead as necessary to form a Concentric Line of 2{n} and Bend The Line of 2{n} as the other dancers Extend (using Circulates) to form a compact formation within the Center of the set, Trade, and Roll. This call can be fractionalized into thirds.

Cross {n} Step(s) At A Time [C3B]: Lead {n} dancers Trail Off instead of Peel Off.

1/4 (or 3/4) Mix --- [C3A]

From R-H Mini-Wave Box, a Diamond with the Centers in a R-H Mini-Wave, or other applicable formations.

Those who can Right Arm Turn 1/4 (or 3/4); those in a Line|Wave Mix. Ends in a Line or Wave. This is a 3-part call (Right Arm Turn 1/4 (or 3/4); Centers Cross Run; New Centers Trade).

Note that this call always starts with the Right hand! If 1/4 (or 3/4) Mix is called from Parallel L-H Waves, only the Centers can do the call.

1/4 The Deucey --- [C3A]

From Parallel Waves.

Arm Turn 1/4; Centers Cast Off 1/4 as the Lead End Circulate as the Trailing End 1/2 Circulate; Center Star turn 1/4; those who meet (Center line of 4) Cast Off 1/4 as lonesome Center move up to become the End of a Wave (Phantom Hourglass Circulate). Ends in Parallel Waves.

3/4 The Deucey [C3A]: Same as 1/4 The Deucey but replace all four 1/4 turns with 3/4 turns.

1/4 (or 3/4) Wheel The Ocean|Sea --- [C3A]

From a Two-Faced Line.

Left Cast 1/4 (or 3/4) to end in Facing Couples; Finish Wheel The Ocean|Sea. (Ocean: Belles diagonally R-H Pull By; Sea: Belles Walk as Beaus Dodge.) Ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

Bias Circulate --- [C3A]

From Parallel Waves or other applicable formations.

Leaders Circulate as Trailers Diagonal Box Circulate. Ends in Parallel Waves.

From R-H Waves, Trailers use a R-H Star; From L-H Waves, Trailers use a L-H Star.

Big Block Concept --- [C3A]

From Interlocked Blocks, Butterfly, "O", or other applicable formations. Execute the given call within Distorted Parallel Lines. Shape-changers are allowed only if it is possible for each dancer to unambiguously end on one of the footprints of the original formation.

Bingo --- [C3B]

From a Mini-Wave Box or other applicable 2x2.

Trailers Any Shoulder Wheel Thru as Leaders 3/4 Out (1/4 Out & Roll & Roll). A Mini-Wave Box ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

Boomerang --- [C3B]

From Tandem Couples, a Mini-Wave Box or the 2x2 T-Bone obtained from a

Mini-Wave Box after Leaders 1/4 Out.

There are two slightly different definitions of Boomerang depending upon the starting formation.

From Tandem Couples: Leaders Zoom as Trailers Circulate and Trade. Ends in Facing Couples.

From a Mini-Wave Box or other applicable 2x2: Leaders Zoom as Trailers Scoot Back (Extend, Trade, and Extend). A Mini-Wave Box ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

Breaker {anything} --- [C3A]

From Columns, Magic Columns, or applicable T-Bones.

Ends Cast Off 3/4 as Centers Box Counter Rotate 1/4 and 1/2 Box Circulate; Center Line does the {anything} call (if the {anything} call is 1, 2, or 3, Cast Off that many quarters) as the others move up (Phantom Hourglass Circulate). Usually ends in Parallel Lines, Twin Diamonds, or an Hourglass depending upon the {anything} call.

Busy {anything} --- [C3B]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Leaders Keep Busy (Couples Circulate With The Flow) as Trailers 1/2 Circulate and do the {anything} call.

By Golly --- [C3B]

From Facing Couples. This call must be preceded by a call which can be followed by a Sweep 1/4.

The dancers closest the flow direction Sweep 1/4 as the others Dodge, and Any Shoulder Wheel Thru. Ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

If the sweeping flow direction is toward the left, By Golly is equivalent to Veer Left & 1/2 Tag.

{fraction} Cast & Relay --- [C3B]

From Parallel Waves or Eight Chain Thru.

Arm Turn the given {fraction}; Centers Cast Off 3/4 as Ends 1/2 Circulate; Centers turn the Star the given {fraction} as the others Trade; those who meet (Center line of 4) Cast Off 3/4 as the others move up (Phantom Hourglass Circulate). Ends in Parallel Waves. There is no default {fraction} for this call.

Catch {anything} {n} --- [C3A]

From applicable formations.

Square Thru on the {n}-th hand (step to a Wave) do the {anything} call; Step & Fold. Ends in various formations.

Central {anything} --- [C3B]

Do the Centers part of the {anything} call.

If the starting formation is a 2x4 and if the Centers part of the {anything} call can be done from either a 1x4 or a 2x2 (e.g., Counter or Detour), work in the 2x2. In this case, the caller should specify in which setup the dancers are to do the call (e.g., Each Wave do a Central Counter).

Change The Centers|Wave --- [C3B]

From a Wave or Facing Couples.

Change The Centers: Arm Turn 1/2; Slip; Centers Cross Run; Slip.

Change The Wave: Arm Turn 1/2; Slip; Centers Cross Run; Swing.

Change Your Image --- [C3B]

From a 2x4.

Centers Phantom Column Circulate twice as the Ends Split Circulate twice. Parallel Lines or Columns end in Columns; T-Bones end in various formations.

Checker Board|Box {anything} --- [C3A]

From a 2x4 with precisely two Leaders in each Line.

Checker Board {anything}: The Leaders in each line Trade with each other as the others do the {anything} call working in a distorted 1x4. Ends in a 2x4.

Checker Box {anything}: same as Checker Board, but the four dancers doing the {anything} call work in a distorted 2x2.

Note: The others (those who are not Leaders in lines) may be facing any direction. If there are more than two Leaders in Lines, the caller must specify who will Trade by saying `Prefer the {anyone} to Trade, all Checker Board|Box {anything}'.

Choice --- [C3A]

From a Generalized Tidal Line or other applicable formations.

Center Line|Wave Lockit and Hinge as the Others Trade and Step & Fold. A Tidal Line ends in Parallel Waves or Parallel Two-Faced Lines. This is a 2-part call.

Chuck A Luck --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines with the Centers Back-to-Back.

Centers Run as Ends Partner Tag; new Ends Pass In as new Centers Pass Thru. Ends in an Eight Chain Thru.

Cross Chuck A Luck --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines with the Centers Back-to-Back.

Centers Cross Run as Ends Partner Tag; new Ends Pass In as new Centers Cross Trail Thru. Ends in an Eight Chain Thru.

Couple Up --- [C3A]

From an applicable 2x2.

Box Circulate; Leaders U-Turn Back (toward the Center of the 2x2). Ends in a 2x2.

Criss Cross The Deucey --- [C3B]

From Parallel Waves or other applicable formations.

Trailers Cross Your Neighbor and Spread as Leaders 1/2 Split Circulate and then Phantom Crossover Circulate. Parallel Waves ends in opposite handed Parallel Waves.

Cross Chain Reaction --- [C3A]

From an applicable Generalized 1/4 Tag.

Very Centers Jaywalk with diagonally facing outside dancers as the end of the Center Line Counter Rotate 1/4 (on the outside); Centers of each side Hinge; Center 4 Star 1/4 as outsides Trade; Centers of each side Cast Off 3/4 as the others Phantom Hourglass Circulate. Ends in Parallel Lines.

Cross Chain Reaction is the same as Chain Reaction, except that the Very Centers Jaywalk with the diagonally-facing outside dancers instead of with the directly-facing outside dancers.

Cross Counter --- [C3A]

From a 3/4 Tag or other applicable formations.

Centers Trade The Wave, Cast Off 3/4, and Counter Rotate 1/4 as the Ends Cross Cast Back, Touch 1/2, and Step & Fold. A 3/4 Tag ends in Parallel Waves or Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Note: Ends always use the Right-hand for the Touch 1/2 unless the call is preceded by the word Left or Mirror.

Cross Cycle --- [C3B]

From a Two-Faced Line or Facing Couples.

From a Two-Faced Line: Centers Cross Fold and all adjust to a Box (Bounce The Centers); Box Counter Rotate 1/4; Roll. Ends in Facing Couples.

From Facing Couples: Beaus 1/2 Press Ahead and Trade with each other as Belles do a normal Recycle (Dodge Left and Veer Left). Ends in a R-H Two-Faced Line. This usage of Cross Cycle is employed primarily at C4 and is also known as Hammerlane.

Cross Flip The Line ({fraction}) --- [C3B]

From a Two-Faced Line.

Centers Cross Run; Any Shoulder Tag The Line to the given {fractional} Tag formation. If no {fraction} is given, complete a full Tag The Line.

Cross Lockit --- [C3B]

From a Wave or Two-Faced Line.

As one movement, Lockit & Spread. Ends in a Wave or Two-Faced Line.

Cross Swap The Top --- [C3B]

From Facing Couples.

Belles Cross Extend (R-H) and Cast Off 3/4 as Beaus Run once and a half.

Ends in a R-H Two-Faced Line.

Delight|Dilemma --- [C3A]

From applicable formations (usually a 3/4 Tag).

Outsides 1/4 Right (if Delight) or 1/4 Left (if Dilemma) and Circulate twice as the Centers Arm Turn 1/2, Slip twice, and Cast Off 3/4. Usually ends in Parallel Lines.

The caller will often say {anything}er's Delight|Dilemma.

{any Tagging Call} Delight|Dilemma [C3A]: Do the tagging call to the 3/4 Tag position; Outsides 1/4 Right (if Delight) or 1/4 Left (if Dilemma) and Circulate twice as the Centers Swing, Slip twice, and Cast Off 3/4.

Diagonal Box Concept --- [C3B]

A Diagonal Box is a 2x2 which is offset by two positions.

From a 2x4, there are two Diagonal Boxes. Use Stars for traffic pattern when appropriate.

Note: For historical reasons the word `Box' is often omitted (e.g., `Diagonal Scoot Back' means `Diagonal Box Scoot Back'; `Diagonal Circulate' means `Diagonal Box Circulate'). Also note that Diagonal Motivate|Percolate|Perk Up|etc. means to replace the first Circulate of the call with a Diagonal Box Circulate. It doesn't mean to do the entire call within your Diagonal Box! Nowadays, callers can be more explicit by saying something like "Initially Diagonal Box Motivate".

Disband --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines, Columns, or other applicable formations.

Centers Counter Rotate 1/4 as Ends Concentric 1/2 Zoom and Hinge; Centers Reverse Flip (Phantom Run away from the Center) as Ends Phantom Columns Circulate twice. Non-T-Bone 2x4 end in Parallel Lines. This is a 2-part call.

From Parallel Lines, Disband is equivalent to Detour followed by Expand The Column.

Divide The Ocean|Sea {direction}|{anything} --- [C3B]

From a Generalized Tidal Line.

Outside 4 Cast Off 3/4 and do a Cross Concentric Vertical 1/2 Tag (if Ocean) or Cross Concentric Left 1/2 Tag (if Sea) as the others Hinge, Partner Tag, Press Ahead, and face the given {direction} or do the {anything} call. Usually ends in Parallel Lines.

If the caller wishes the outsides to do the {anything} call working Concentric, the caller should so indicate (e.g., from a Tidal Wave: Divide The Ocean Concentric Shakedown).

There is no default {direction} or {anything} call. If the caller omits the {direction}|{anything}, then the original Centers Hinge; Partner Tag and Press Ahead.

Drift Apart --- [C3A]

From a 2x4.

Ends Split Circulate twice as Out-Facing Centers Out Crossover Circulate and Circulate as In-Facing Centers Circulate and Crossover Circulate. Ends in a 2x4.

Ease Off --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines or other applicable formations.

Ends Zing as Centers Concentric Circulate and Face In. Parallel Lines end in a Double Pass Thru.

Eight By {anything} --- [C3A]

From applicable formations.

Outside 4 Grand Chain Eight and Roll as Centers do the {anything} call (working in the Center). Ends in various formations.

Exchange The Box --- [C3A]

From a 2x4.

Do a total of four Split Circulates, except that when you become the In-Facing Center do your next Circulate to your diagonal opposite position (crossing over into the other Box).

The traffic pattern is such that as you are crossing to the other Box, you must stay to the outside of those who are still in their original Box. The In-Facing Centers lead the Exchange and usually everyone else in their Box can follow them. Exchange The Box can be fractionalized into fourths.

Exchange The Triangle --- [C3A]

From Twin Triangles.

Do a total of three Triangle Circulates except that when 1) you become the Apex dancer (for Apex-to-Apex Triangles), or 2) you become the In-Facing Base dancer (for Base-to-Base Triangles); do your next Circulate to the other Triangle.

As with all Exchanges, do Circulates staying on the inside of your formation until the crossover point, and then do Circulates staying on the outside of the other formation.

Expand The Column --- [C3A]

From a 2x4 in which the outsides are in Columns, or from other applicable formations.

Centers Phantom Run (Reverse Flip) as the Outsides Column Circulate twice. Columns end in Parallel Lines.

Explode The Diamond --- [C3B]

From Twin Diamonds or other applicable formations.

Centers Explode The Wave as Ends Circulate and the Lead End U-Turn Back. Twin Diamonds end in Parallel Inverted Lines.

Explode The Top --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines.

Explode; End Beau Circulate 1 & 1/2 as End Belle Circulate, Veer inward, and U-Turn Back as Centers Touch 1/2 and the Very Centers Cast Off 3/4 while the other Center Step Ahead to form a R-H Star (Hint: the Center who Stepped Ahead should raise their Left hand to indicate that they are leading the Unwrap The Star); turn the Star 1/4 and the leader of the Unwrap walks forward as everyone else follows to Unwrap The Star, and everyone Face In to end in Facing Lines.

Fan Concept --- [C3B]

The Fan Concept is used on calls which begin with an Arm Turn 1/2 (Swing) followed by a Centers Cast Off 3/4. Omit the initial Arm Turn 1/2 and do the given call.

Typical calls used with the Fan Concept include: Alter & Circulate, Spin Chain & Exchange The Gears, Alter The Wave, Spin Chain The Gears, Relay The Deucey, Spin Chain The Line, Relay The Shadow, Spin Chain Thru, and Relay The Top.

For calls whose name begins with the word `Spin' the word `Spin' is replaced with the word `Fan' (e.g., Spin Chain the Gears becomes Fan Chain the Gears). For all other calls the word `Fan' is inserted before the name of the call (e.g., Alter the Wave becomes Fan Alter the Wave).

Fancy --- [C3A]

From Columns.

Trailers (#2 and #4 dancers) Press Out; new Trailers (original #3 and #4 dancers) As Couples Extend; Outsides work Phantom: all Any Shoulder Turn & Deal. Ends in a Double Pass Thru.

Scoot & Fancy means Triple Scoot then Fancy.

Flare Out To A Line --- [C3A]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines and other applicable formations.

Leaders work away from the Center of the Set to do a Turn To A Line as Trailers 1/2 Circulate. Parallel Two-Faced Lines end in an As Couples Wave.

From Promenade, those designated act as Leaders, others as Trailers.

Flip Your Lid --- [C3B]

From a 1/4 Tag.

There are four different parts for Flip Your Lid:

• [End of Wave]: Scoot Back with appropriate outside dancer;
• [Very Center]: Do your part Centers Run & Circle 1/4 (be careful not to do a Scoot Back);
• [Outside Belle] (if R-H setup) or [Outside Beau] (if L-H setup): Do your part of Scoot Back & Circle 1/4 (to end facing in).
• [Other Outside Dancers]: Press Ahead & Trade & Spread (with diagonal opposite dancer).

Ends in a 1/4 Tag.

Follow To A Diamond --- [C3A]

From a Mini-Wave Box or applicable 2x2 T-Bone.

Trailers Follow Your Neighbor & Spread as Leaders Box Circulate once and a half. A R-H or L-H Mini-Wave Box ends in a Diamond, a 2x2 T-Bone usually ends in a Wave.

Follow Your Leader --- [C3A]

From Parallel Waves. Leaders 1/2 Split Circulate and Tandem Cross Fold as Trailers Follow Your Neighbor (Extend and Cast Off 3/4); all Tandem Extend. Ends in Columns.

Your Leader [C3A]: From R-H 3/4 Tag. Centers Cast Off 3/4 as the others 1/4 Right and Tandem Cross Fold; all Tandem Extend. Ends in Columns.

{any Tagging call] Your Leader [C3A]: Do the {any Tagging call} to the 1/2 Tag position; Follow Your Leader.

The Gamut --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines with the Centers in Tandem.

Ends Circulate twice as the Centers Any Hand 3/4 Thru and Trade The Wave; all Cut The Diamond. Ends in Parallel Lines.

Gee Whiz --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines.

The Out-Facing Couple (or the designated dancers) do your part Cross Fire as the others Vertical Tag The Line. Ends in Columns.

If both Couples are facing out, the caller may designate which Couple is to do the Cross Fire (e.g., `Right Gee Whiz' means the R-H Couple Cross Fire as the L-H Couple Vertical Tag The Line). If the caller says `No one Gee Whiz', then everyone does the Vertical Tag The Line.

If the caller does not designate anyone or says `Everyone Gee Whiz', then everyone does the Cross Fire. Note that on Right Gee Whiz you will end in L-H Columns (and vice-versa).

Good Show --- [C3B]

From an applicable 2x4.

Ends Walk & Dodge as the Centers (working Split) Couple Up. Ends in a 2x4.

Determine if you are an End or a Center for the entire formation and then do your part of the call working Split.

Grand Mix --- [C3A]

From a Generalized Tidal Line.

Center pairs of dancers (3 pairs from an 8-dancer Tidal Line, 2 pairs from a 6-dancer Tidal Line) Grand (Working As Centers) Cross Run (like a Grand Slip-Slide); new Center pairs of dancers Trade (Grand Slip). Ends in a Tidal Line. This is a 2-part call.

Hinge The Lock --- [C3A]

From an applicable non T-Bone 2x2.

Hinge; Lockit. Ends in a Wave. This is a 2-part call.

{anyone} Hop --- [C3A]

From an applicable non T-Bone 2x2 (usually Facing Couples).

Designated dancers Walk as others Dodge; all Hinge. Ends in a Wave or Inverted Line. This is a 2-part call.

In Style --- [C3B]

From Generalized Columns in which the Centers are facing In or from a Generalized 1/4 Tag with the Centers in a R-H Wave.

Outsides Dodge toward Reverse Promenade direction (Stable Turn To A Line) as Centers (Step To A Wave if starting from Facing Couples), Very Centers U-Turn Back (turning away from the center of the set), As Couples Extend. Ends in Parallel Lines. In Style is usually used as a suffix to the preceding call.

Initially {any Concept} {anything} Concept --- [C3A]

Execute the first part of the {anything} call using the given CONCEPT; then execute the remainder of the {anything} call (without using the given CONCEPT).

Interlocked Counter --- [C3B]

From a 3/4 Line, a 3/4 Tag, or other applicable formations.

Outsides Counter as Centers Once Removed Cast Off 3/4 and (normal) Counter Rotate 1/4. The Once Removed Cast Off 3/4 is danced as a Very Centers slide back-to-back & Centers Cast Off 3/4.

Interlocked Little --- [C3A]

From a Generalized 1/4 Line or other applicable formations.

Outsides 1/4 Right and Counter Rotate 1/4 as the Centers Step And Cross Fold (Ends Cross Fold as Centers 1/2 Press Ahead). A Generalized 1/4 Line ends in Parallel Lines.

On Interlocked Scoot & Little the Outsides 1/4 to the handhold unless otherwise directed.

Interlocked Little More --- [C3A]

Interlocked Little; Centers Box Circulate.

Interlocked Plenty --- [C3A]

From a Generalized 1/4 Line or other applicable formations.

Interlocked Little; Split Circulate twice; Outsides Counter Rotate 1/4 and Roll as the Center four Concentric 1/2 Zoom. Usually ends in a 1/4 Tag.

On Interlocked Scoot & Plenty the Outsides 1/4 to the handhold unless otherwise directed.

Interlocked Rally --- [C3B]

From a Generalized 1/4 Line or other applicable formations.

Outsides Rally as the Centers Step And Cross Fold (Interlocked Little) and Peel & Trail. A Generalized 1/4 Line ends in a Tidal Line.

Interlocked Rally But {anything}: Centers replace the Peel & Trail with the {anything} call.

Interlocked Ramble --- [C3B]

From a 3/4 Line or other applicable formations.

Outsides Ramble (Cast Back & Slide Thru) as Centers Once Removed Fold (danced as an Any Shoulder Turn & Deal) and Slide Thru. A 3/4 Line ends in Generalized Columns.

Interlocked Scoot (Back) --- [C3A]

From a 1/4 Line.

Scoot Back with the dancers in your Interlocked Single 1/4 Tag (the dancers occupying the Interlocked Diamond footprints). Ends in a 3/4 Line.

There are two traffic patterns in use:

1. Interlocked Extend; Swing; as one movement, Extend and Very Centers Slither (same as Step Thru; Centers Veer Right or Left).
2. Interlocked Extend; Swing-Slither; As Couples Extend.

We prefer the first traffic pattern since it is more indicative of the Interlocked Concept. However, most dancers tend to use the second traffic pattern since it is smoother to dance.

Jay Concept --- [C3A]

From a Generalized 1/4 Tag or other applicable formations.

Work in a Distorted Box with the dancers with whom you would normally Jay Walk. At the end of the call re-establish the footprints of those four positions.

Keep Busy --- [C3A]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Leaders Couples Circulate With the Flow (End Walk, Center Dodge) as Trailers 1/2 Circulate, Very Centers Hinge, Flip The Diamond, Step & Fold. Ends in Parallel Waves. This is a 4-part call for the Trailers.

{anyone} Kick By {n} --- [C3B]

From a Line of 3 or more.

Designated dancer Run around {n} dancers and Roll as the dancers being Run around do a Partner Tag one position toward the designated dancer's original starting position.

Latch On ({fraction}) --- [C3A]

From Tandem dancers, Facing dancers, or Back-to-Back dancers.

Right Roll to a Wave, Arm Turn 1/4 (or the designated {fraction}). Ends in a R-H Mini-Wave. This is a 2-part call.

Lickety Split --- [C3B]

From an applicable 2x4

Ends Split Circulate as Centers Split Counter Rotate 1/4. Ends in a 2x4.

Determine if you are an End or a Center for the entire formation and then do your part of the call working Split.

Lift Off --- [C3B]

From a Static Set with two opposite couples Facing Out or from the 2x4 formation obtained from a Static Set after Heads Pass Thru.

Leaders As Couples 1/4 Right as others Left Dodge; Belles Distorted Box Circulate; As Couples Extend; Couples Circulate. Ends in Parallel R-H Two-Faced Lines.

Line To Line --- [C3B]

From Facing Lines, a R-H Tidal Wave, or other applicable formations.

Centers Turn Thru as Outsides Pass In; Clover And Pass Thru; all Pass In. Ends in Facing Lines. This is a 3-part call.

Link Up --- [C3A]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines or Promenade (where those designated act as Leaders).

Leaders Out Anchor 1/4 (Cast Off 1/4 using the Outside dancer as the pivot point) and Roll and Press Ahead as the Trailers As Couples Extend and (normal) Cross Fire. Ends in Parallel Waves.

Lock The Hinge --- [C3A]

From a Wave or a Two-Faced Line.

Lockit; Hinge. Ends in a Mini-Wave Box. This is a 2-part call.

Locker's Choice --- [C3A]

From Parallel Waves.

Lockit; Center Wave Lockit as others Trade; Center 4 Hinge as others Step & Fold. Ends in opposite-handed Parallel Waves. This is a 3-part call.

Loop And ({fraction}) Tag --- [C3B]

From a Mini-Wave Box or Tandem Couples.

As one movement, Leaders Peel Off and Roll and Step Ahead as Trailers follow the Leaders in Tandem; Extend to the given {fractional} Tag position. If no {fraction} is given, complete a full Tag The Line.

Magic Diamond Concept --- [C3B]

From Twin Diamonds.

A Magic Diamond is a Distorted Diamond in which the Centers of one Diamond work with the points of the other Diamond.

Magic Line|Wave Concept --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines|Waves.

A Magic Line is a Distorted Line in which the Ends of one Line work with the Centers of the other Line.

Mini-Chase --- [C3A]

From Back-to-Back Couples.

Belles Shakedown as Beaus Partner Tag. Ends in R-H Mini-Wave Box.

Mirror Concept --- [C3B]

Mirror is accomplished by executing the definition of the given call and replacing:

• Right with Left and vice-versa; and
• Beau with Belle and vice-versa.

At any point where you would normally pass Right-shoulders, pass Left-shoulders and vice-versa. At any point where you would normally use the Right-hand, use the Left-hand and vice-versa. Any time the Beaus should do something, the Belles should do it instead and vice-versa.

For example, Mirror Circle By {fraction} By {fraction}|{anything}:

From Facing Couples. Circle Right the first given {fraction} and Step To A L-H Wave; Cast Off the second given {fraction} or do the {anything} call.

Nuclear Reaction --- [C3B]

From a Generalized 1/4 Tag in which the Very Centers are directly facing an outside dancer.

Very Centers and directly-facing outside dancers Pass Thru; Center 4 Cast Off 1/4 and Roll and Spread to become Ends of Lines as the Others Cross Concentric Vertical 1/2 Tag; all Counter Rotate 1/4. Ends in Parallel Lines.

Cross Nuclear Reaction [C3B]: Same as Nuclear Reaction except that the Very Centers Jay Walk with the diagonally-facing outside dancers.

Once Removed Diamond Concept --- [C3A]

From the formation obtained from Parallel Two-Faced Lines after the Outsides Concentric Follow Thru.

A Once Removed Diamond is a Diamond in which you work with the dancers occupying the positions on every other plane from you.

Open Up The Column --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 dancer Trail Off & Roll as #2 dancer Circulate, Peel Off & Roll as #3 and #4 dancers Circulate; Centers Cast Off 3/4; all Extend. Ends in Parallel Waves.

Open Up And|But {anything} --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 dancer Trail Off & Roll as #2 dancer Circulate, Peel Off & Roll as #3 and #4 dancers Circulate and do the {anything} call. This is analogous to Transfer And {anything}.

Own The {anyone} {anything} By {anything} --- [C3A]

Designated dancers do their part of the first {anything} call as the others do their part of the second {anything} call.

Patch The {anyone} --- [C3A]

From a Couple or Mini-Wave.

Hinge; designated dancers U-Turn Back in flow direction (Roll twice). Ends in a Couple or Mini-Wave. This is a 2-part call.

Note: Determine who are the designated dancers before doing the Hinge, not after. For example, from a Couple: Patch The Beaus is a Partner Hinge (now both dancers are Beaus) followed by original Beau U-Turn Back. Similarly, from Parallel Lines: Patch The Ends refers to the original Ends, not those who become Ends after the Hinge.

Peel Chain Thru --- [C3A]

From Trade By or 3/4 Tag.

Centers Arm Turn 1/2 and Slip as outsides Cast Back and Touch 1/2; Centers of each side Cast Off 3/4 as others do their part of Fan The Top. Trade By or R-H 3/4 Tag ends in Parallel R-H Waves; a L-H 3/4 Tag ends in a Parallelogram.

Phantom Columns|Lines|Waves Concept --- [C3B]

From a 4x4 Matrix, visualized as 4 adjacent Columns|Lines|Waves.

Inside Columns|Lines|Waves work together in a 2x4 Matrix as the Outside Columns|Lines|Waves work together in a (Disconnected) 2x4 Matrix.

Pitch {direction}|{anything} --- [C3B]

From Tandem dancers, Facing dancers, or Back-to-Back dancers.

Leaders Right Zing (1/4 Right and Run) as Trailers Circulate and turn 1/4 toward the given {direction} or do the {anything} call. On a Pitch In|Out, do a 1/4 In|Out not a Face In|Out. Pitch {direction} ends in a Couple or a Mini-Wave.

Plan Ahead --- [C3A]

From Facing Lines or other applicable formations.

Centers Touch 1/4, Cross Concentric Vertical Tag The Line, Lead dancer Peel Left, Trailer dancer Peel Right to end as a Couple (as in Sets In Motion) as the others Circulate once and a half, Hinge, Cross Concentric Vertical 1/2 Tag, Face In. Facing Lines ends in a Double Pass Thru.

Polly Wally --- [C3A]

From Generalized Columns.

Ends Mirror Image Turn To A Line (toward Promenade direction) as Center 4 do a Leads Left-face U-Turn Back, Veer Right, and As Couples Extend. Ends in Parallel Lines.

The original definition for the Centers is 1/4 To Promenade; Step Ahead; 1/4 To Promenade; Step Ahead.

Single Polly Wally [C3A]: From a 1x4 Column. Outsides Mirror Image Single Turn To A Line as Centers Left Roll To A Wave and Extend. Ends in a 2x2.

Quick Step --- [C3A]

From a 1/4 Box or other applicable formations.

#2 dancer Press Out and Phantom Ah So with the adjacent dancer as the others Circulate. Ends in Columns.

Quick {anything} [C3A]: #2 dancer Press Out and do the {anything} call with the adjacent dancer (working Phantom if necessary) as the others Circulate. Phantoms which end up between the Outsides and the Centers are removed at the end of the call.

Rally --- [C3A]

From Generalized 1/4 Tag or other applicable formations.

Centers Step & Fold, Peel & Trail as others 1/4 Right, Counter Rotate 1/4, and Inward (Right or Left) Roll To A Wave. Ends in a Tidal Line.

Rally But {anything} [C3A]: Centers replace the Peel & Trail with the {anything} call.

Random {any Concept} {anything} Concept --- [C3B]

Break up the given call into its component parts, execute the odd-numbered parts using the given concept and the even-numbered parts normal.

For Example, a Random Tandem Swing & Mix is a Tandem Swing, normal Centers Cross Run, and Tandem Centers Trade.

Reach Out --- [C3A]

From a Mini-Wave Box, Tandem Couples, or applicable 2x2 T-Bones.

Trailers 1/2 Box Circulate and Phantom Run (Reverse Flip) as Leaders Box Circulate 1 & 1/2. A Mini-Wave Box ends in a Wave; a 2x2 T-Bone usually ends in a Diamond; Tandem Couples ends in a One-Faced Line.

Reactivate --- [C3B]

From an applicable Generalized 1/4 Tag.

Very Centers and directly-facing Outside dancers Jaywalk as the End of the Center Line Counter Rotate 1/4 around the outside; Center 6 Trade; very outsides and the very Centers Phantom Hourglass Circulate. Ends in Parallel Lines or Parallelogram Parallel Lines (if dancers come to the same spot).

Cross Reactivate [C3B]: Same as Reactivate, except that the very Centers Jaywalk with the diagonally-facing outside dancer instead of the directly-facing outside dancer.

Recoil --- [C3A]

From an applicable non T-Bone 2x2.

Box Recycle; Step & Fold. Ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

Reflected {any Tagging call} Concept --- [C3B]

From various formations.

Do the {any Tagging call} (or any variation of a Tagging call) to the 1/2 Tag position; Tandem Arm Turn 1/4 (i.e., Split Counter Rotate 1/4); complete the {any Tagging call}.

The general idea of Reflected is that you start the Tagging call and are moving in a straight Line, you hit some imaginary wall and get `bounced' or reflected off of it at a 90 degree angle and then you complete the call.

The Generalized definition of Reflected is to do the given call to the 1/2 Tag position; Counter Rotate 1/4 with respect to the number of dancers doing the Tagging portion of the call; complete the given call.

Example 1: From a Couple or Mini-Wave, a Reflected Partner Tag would be a 1/4 In and Touch (this is a Partner 1/2 Tag); Arm Turn 1/4 (since there are only two people in the Tagging portion); Step Thru (to end Back-to-Back).

Example 2: From a Line of 6, a Line of 6 Reflected Tag The Line would be a Line of 6 1/2 Tag; Tandems of 3 Arm Turn 1/4; all Complete The Tag to end in Back-to-Back Tandems of 3.

Note that on calls such as Track 3 or 1/2 Invert The Column that, even though you require eight dancers in order to do the call, the Tagging portion of the call only involves (2 sets of) 4 dancers.

Release {anything} --- [C3A]

From a Generalized 1/4 Tag or Generalized 1/4 Diamond.

The End of the Center 4 Press Ahead as the unapproached Outside dancer (12-Matrix) Press Out; Outsides work with Phantoms (if necessary) and all do the {anything} call.

Note: Phantoms which end up between the Center and End dancers are removed at the end of the call unless the {anything} call involves a concept which specifically includes phantoms (e.g., Release Triple Wave Ah So retains the Phantoms whereas Release Ah So doesn't).

Relocate (The {formation}) --- [C3A]

From the given {formation} or any applicable formation.

Very Centers Arm Turn 3/4 as others Counter Rotate 1/4. Ends in the given {formation}.

Examples: Relocate The Hourglass, Relocate The `H', Relocate The Setup.

Reset --- [C3B]

From a Mini-Wave Box (or other applicable 2x2 if fractionalized).

1/2 Zoom; Hinge; 1/2 Zoom; Hinge. Ends in a 2x2. This is a 4-part call.

Reverse Checkpoint {anything} By {anything} --- [C3B]

From applicable formations.

Center 4 do the first {anything} call and the resulting Ends (of the Center 4) work Stable and move away from the Center of the Set. The other 4 dancers work around the Very Centers to do the second {anything} call ending in the positions vacated by the resulting Ends of the Center 4.

Reverse Cut The Diamond --- [C3A]

From a Diamond.

Centers Trade & Spread as Points Diamond Circulate. Ends in a Line.

Reverse Flip The Diamond --- [C3A]

From a Diamond.

Centers Phantom Run (Flip away from each other) as Points Diamond Circulate. Ends in a Line.

Reverse The Pass --- [C3B]

From Tandem Couples.

Leaders Trade; all Pass Thru; original Trailers Trade. Ends in Tandem Couples. This is a 3-part call.

Reverse The Top --- [C3B]

From a Wave or Facing Couples.

Fan The Top; Swing. Ends in a Wave. This is a 2-part call.

Revert (The) {any Tagging Call} --- [C3B]

Do the {any Tagging Call} (or any variation of a Tagging call) to the 1/2 Tag position, Cast Off 3/4, and complete the {any Tagging Call}. The {any Tagging Call} is a call such as Flip The Line, Double Pass Thru, Invert The Column, Linear Cycle, Tag Your Neighbor, Tag The Top, etc.

Revolve To A Wave --- [C3B]

From a non T-Bone 2x2.

Trailers do their part of a Facing Recycle as the Leaders (as one movement) do their part of a Mini-Chase and Hinge. Ends in a R-H Wave.

Rip Off --- [C3B]

From a 2x2.

Leaders Beaus Run, Belles Zoom as Trailers Beaus Walk, Belles Dodge. Ends in a 2x2.

Rolling Ripple {n} By {n} (By {n}) --- [C3A]

From a Line.

Designated dancer Ripple the first given number; new dancer occupying designated dancer's original starting position Ripple the next given number; repeat part 2 for each additional given number.

Rotary Circulate --- [C3B]

From Parallel Waves.

Leaders 1/2 Split Circulate, Circulate twice (around the outside), and do the last half of a Split Circulate as Trailers Extend, Hinge, Box Circulate twice, Hinge, and Extend. Ends in Parallel Waves.

Rotate {fraction} --- [C3B]

Procedure for dancing Rotates:

[0.] Identify the center point of your setup. The center point is the flag pole center of your setup except in the following cases:

(a) If you are in a 2x4 formation and are in Lines, the center point is the Center of each Box (i.e., work Split). If you are in a 2x4 T-Bone, the Column dancers will be working Concentric as the Line dancers will be working Split.

(b) If the call is preceded by the term Split, the center point is the Center of your group of 4. If the call is preceded by the term Split Split, the center point is the Center of your group of 2.

(c) If the call is preceded by the name of a formation in which to work, the center point is the Center of that formation. For example, from Columns consider `Each Column Single Rotate 1/4'. In this case, the center point is the Center of your 1x4 setup.

[1.] Turn 1/4 relative to that center point according to the following rules:

Rotate: As Couples 1/4 to Promenade direction

Reverse Rotate: As Couples 1/4 to Reverse Promenade direction

Single Rotate: Individually 1/4 to Promenade direction

Reverse Single Rotate: Individually 1/4 to Reverse Promenade direction

[2.] Counter Rotate the given {fraction} around that center point.

From a Squared Set, work around the outside of the set. The inactive dancers should move into the center of the set.

Scatter Circulate --- [C3A]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines and other applicable 2x4 formations.

Ends Split Circulate as Out-Facing Centers Crossover Circulate as In-Facing Centers Concentric (Box) Crossover Circulate. Parallel Two-Faced Lines end in Parallel Waves.

Scoot & Cross Counter --- [C3A]

From a 1/4 Tag. Scoot Back; Cross Counter. Ends in Parallel Waves or

Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Scoot & Rally --- [C3A]

From a 1/4 Tag. Scoot Back; Outsides 1/4 to the handhold, Counter Rotate 1/4 and the Leaders inward (Right or Left) Roll To A Wave as Centers Step & Fold and Peel & Trail. Ends in a Tidal Wave.

Scoot The Diamond --- [C3A]

From a Single 1/4 Tag.

Scoot Back; Outsides 1/4 to the handhold; all Diamond Circulate. Ends in a Diamond.

Scramble --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines with the Ends Back-to-Back, or other applicable formations.

Ends Bend and Turn Thru as Centers Concentric 1/4 In and Cross Trail Thru. Parallel Lines end in Back-to-Back Lines. This is a 2-part call.

Shake & Rattle --- [C3B]

From a 2x4.

Leaders Shakedown as Trailers Reverse Split Swap. Ends in a 2x4.

{anyone} Shove Off --- [C3A]

From applicable 2-dancer formations.

Designated dancer Phantom Run (one position away from non-designated dancer) as non-designated dancer moves into designated dancer's vacated position without changing his|her facing direction.

The non-designated dancer must Dodge, Press Ahead, or Press Back in order to move into the designated dancer's vacated position.

Sidetrack --- [C3B]

From applicable formations.

Zig-Zag; Counter Rotate 1/4; Roll. This is a 3-part call.

Single Sidetrack [C3B]: From a 1x4 Column formation. Zig-Zag; Lockit (i.e., Counter Rotate with respect to the 1x4); Roll. Ends in a Single Double Pass Thru.

Split Sidetrack [C3B]: From a 2x4 or a 1x8 Column. Zig-Zag; Split Counter Rotate 1/4; Roll.

Single Concept --- [C3A,C3B]

The Single Concept at C3A is restricted to the following calls: Single Checkmate, Single Ferris Wheel, Single Polly Wally, Single Rotary Spin, and Single Turn To A Line.

When doing a given call using the Single Concept, each dancer executes the movement that would normally be executed by a set of two dancers in the normal version of the call. The dancers in each two-dancer set within the normal version of the call must always be facing the same direction and are usually dancing their portion of the call As Couples, In Tandem, Once Removed, or Twosome (or some combination of these concepts).

For example:

Single Checkmate

From a 2x2.

Leaders Box Circulate twice and 1/4 In (Box Transfer) as Trailers Box Circulate, 1/4 In, and Box Circulate. Ends in a 2x2.

Single Ferris Wheel

From a Mini-Wave Box.

As one movement, Follow Thru & Roll.

Single Rotary Spin

From a Single Eight Chain Thru.

Right Pull By; Centers Step To A L-H Mini-Wave and Cast Off 3/4 as Outsides Left-face U-Turn Back (Single Courtesy Turn) and Roll. Ends in a R-H Wave.

Single Shakedown

From Back-to-Back Dancers.

As one movement, Right Roll To A Wave & Roll.

Single Shake & Rattle

From Tandem dancers, Facing dancers, or Back-to-Back dancers.

Leaders Single Shakedown (Right Roll To A Wave and Roll) as Trailers Single Reverse Split Swap (Touch and 1/4 Out).

Single Turn & Deal

From a Couple or a Mini-Wave.

As one movement, 1/4 In, Touch, and turn 1/4 toward your initial turning direction. A Couple ends in Tandem dancers; a R-H Mini-Wave ends in Facing dancers; a L-H Mini-Wave ends in Back-to-Back dancers.

Single Turn To A Line

From Tandem dancers, Facing dancers, or Back-to-Back dancers.

As one movement, Zig-Zag, Step Thru, and turn 1/4 toward your initial turning direction. Ends in a Couple or a Mini-Wave.

Single File Recycle --- [C3A]

From a Single Double Pass Thru.

Centers act as Beaus while Ends act as Belles to do a facing Recycle (i.e., Centers Touch and Right-face U-Turn Back as Ends Veer Left to become Ends of a R-H Wave).

Single File Recoil [C3A]: Single File Recycle; Step & Fold. Ends in a L-H Mini-Wave Box.

Slant {anything} By {anything} --- [C3A]

From Parallel Two-Faced Lines and other applicable formations.

Trailers Dodge inward to form Facing Couples and take the first {anything} call (in the center) as Leaders do their part of the second {anything} call.

In general, `Slant' means to adjust by Dodging inward to form Facing dancers and then do the {anything} call (e.g., from Parallelogram Lines Facing In: Slant Relay The Shadow).

Snap The Lock --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines.

Partner Tag; Outsides Partner Tag as Centers Touch, Lockit, Step Thru. Ends in Back-to-Back Lines.

Something New --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 and #2 dancers Couple Up as #3 dancer 1/2 Circulate and U-Turn Back as #4 dancer Circulate and Veer Out. Ends in a 1/4 Tag.

Spin Chain The Line --- [C3A]

From a Tidal Wave, Tidal Inverted Line, or Facing Lines.

Arm Turn 1/2; Centers of each side Cast Off 3/4 and Spread as Very Centers Trade; Very End and Very Center slide together and Cast Off 3/4. Ends in Parallel Lines.

Spin The Pulley --- [C3A]

From a Static Set (or from the formation obtained from a Static Set after Heads move in) or from a Wave between and perpendicular to Facing Couples.

Centers or those designated Arm Turn 3/4; all Triple Cross; Peel Off.

Ends in Parallel Two-Faced Lines. This is a 3-part call.

Spin The Pulley But {anything} [C3A]: Do a Spin The Pulley but replace the Peel Off with the {anything} call.

{anything} The Pulley [C3A]: Do the {anything} call, then Finish a Spin The Pulley (Triple Cross; Peel Off). Ends in Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

{anything} The Pulley But {anything} [C3A]: Do the first {anything} call; Triple Cross; do the second {anything} call.

Split Phantom Boxes Concept --- [C3B]

From a 2x8 Matrix.

Split the 2x8 Matrix into two 2x4 matrices. Work in the 2x4 on each side.

Split Phantom Boxes are similar to Split Phantom Columns|Lines|Waves except that the adjacent 2x4 formations are end-to-end instead of center-to-center.

Split Phantom Columns|Lines|Waves Concept --- [C3A]

From a 4x4 Matrix, visualized as 4 adjacent Columns|Lines|Waves.

Split the 4x4 Matrix into two sets of adjacent Columns|Lines|Waves and work in the resulting 2x4 Matrix on each side.

Stable Concept --- [C3A] Do the given call without changing your facing direction. Your ending position will be the same as if you had executed the call normally, but your facing direction will not change from your original facing direction.

Note: for most calls, try to dance the entire call without changing your facing direction. For more complicated calls (such as Stable Scoot Reaction), if you feel you are unable to dance the entire call Stable, you can cheat by memorizing the wall that you are facing, doing the call, and then turning to face that wall.

Stampede --- [C3A]

From a 3/4 Tag or other applicable formations.

Centers Trade The Wave, Hinge & Cross (Trailers diagonal Pull By with the outside hand) as the Ends Cross Cast Back and Pass In. A 3/4 Tag ends in an Eight Chain Thru. This is a 3-part call for the Centers and a 2-part call for the Ends.

Stimulate (The Column) --- [C3B]

From Columns.

Circulate 1 & 1/2; Very Ends Counter Rotate 1/4 & 1/2 Press Ahead as the Others Hinge & Grand Fan The Top (Center 4 Cast Off 3/4 as Outsides move up). Ends in Parallel Waves.

Strip The {formation} --- [C3A]

From the given {formation} ([Twin] Diamonds, Hourglass, or an un-specified formation if the word `setup' is used).

Outside four 1/2 Zoom and Trade as the Very Centers Cast Off 3/4 as the Other Center (on the outside) Counter Rotate 1/4 to end as the Very Outside dancer. Strip The Diamond ends in a Tidal Line, Strip The Hourglass ends in a 3 By 1 Diamond.

Strut Right|Left (And Right|Left) --- [C3B]

From a Double Pass Thru or a R-H 1/4 Tag.

Centers Pass Thru, Right|Left Turn To A Line and Spread to become #1 (Very End) and #3 in a Tidal Line as others Step Ahead and Veer Right|Left to become #2 and #4 in a Tidal Line.

If two directions are given, the original Centers take the first direction and the original Outsides take the second direction. If only one direction is given, everybody takes that direction. The Centers always pass Right shoulders even if the call is Strut Left. The caller should say Left Strut Right|Left if a Left shoulder pass is desired.

Single Strut Right|Left (And Right|Left) [C3B]: From a Single Double Pass Thru, a Single R-H 1/4 Tag, or other applicable formations. Centers Pass Thru, Single Right|Left Turn To A Line and Spread as the others Step Ahead and Single Veer Right|Left. Usually ends in a Wave or Line.

Swap The Top --- [C3A]

From Facing Couples.

Belles Extend (L-H) and Cast Off 3/4 as Beaus Run once and a half. Ends in a R-H Wave.

Swing Chain Thru --- [C3A]

From Parallel Waves, Eight Chain Thru, or other applicable formations.

Arm Turn 1/2; Centers Cast Off 1/4; the Very Centers Trade; Centers Cast Off 1/4. Ends in Parallel Waves. This is a 4-part call.

Swing Chain Thru is the same as Spin Chain Thru but replace all 3/4 Turns with 1/4 Turns.

Swing-O-Late --- [C3B]

From Parallel Waves, Eight Chain Thru, or a Thar.

Arm Turn 1/2; Centers Trade and Spread as Ends U-Turn Back and Crossover Circulate. Parallel Waves or Eight Chain Thru ends in Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Take {n} --- [C3B]

From Back-to-Back Lines.

The {n} dancers on the right-hand side of each line do a `Shakedown' movement (1/4 Right, Counter Rotate 1/4, and Roll) and adjust to end in Concentric Facing Lines of {n} as the others 1/4 Right and Step Ahead to join hands creating a compact symmetric formation.

Team Up --- [C3A]

From applicable formations.

Ends 1/2 Circulate and Hinge as Centers (working in the Center) do a Beaus Run as Belles Dodge.

Touch By {fraction} By {fraction}|{anything} --- [C3A]

From a Single Double Pass Thru or other applicable formations.

Centers Touch the first given {fraction} and Spread as others move in; new Centers Touch the second given {fraction} or do the {anything} call. Usually ends in a R-H Diamond or a R-H Two-Faced Line. There are no default fractions for this call.

Trade The Deucey --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines, Twin Diamonds, a Generalized Thar, or other applicable formations.

Centers Trade and Spread as the Ends Crossover Circulate.

Trade The Diamond --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines or a Generalized Thar.

Trade The Deucey; Centers Hinge; Diamond Circulate; Centers Hinge. Parallel Lines end in Parallel Lines. This is a 4-part call.

Trapezoid Formation --- [C3B]

A Trapezoid is a Distorted 2x2 that can be formed from a normal 2x2 after 2 adjacent dancers each move away from each other along the same plane a distance of one Matrix position.

From a 2x4, the Ends of one side work with the Centers of the other side in a Distorted Box.

Travel Thru --- [C3A]

From Facing Couples or a R-H Wave.

Pass Thru; As Couples 1/4 Right. Ends in a R-H Two-Faced Line. This is a 2-part call.

Trip The Set --- [C3A]

From Parallel Lines with the Ends Back-to-Back, or other applicable formations.

Ends Cross Fold and Roll as Centers Concentric 1/4 Out and Trade. Parallel Lines end in Facing Lines. This is a 2-part call.

Triple Diamond Concept --- [C3A]

Triple Diamonds consist of three adjacent Diamond formations some of which have positions occupied by phantoms. Triple Diamonds are analogous to Triple Boxes and Triple Columns|Lines|Waves.

Triple {formation}s Working {direction} Concept --- [C3B]

Triple {formation}s Working {direction} is a precise way to state how to do some 12-Matrix calls.

This concept allows us to do 8-dancer calls from Triple {formation}s such as Triple Boxes|Columns|Diamonds|Lines|Waves. Normally from these formations we are limited to 4-dancer (or fewer) calls, since each sub-formation (Box, Column, Diamond, Line, or Wave) contains only four spots.

On Triple {formation}s Working {direction}, each dancer selects a group of eight spots in which to work. The dancers within the outside Triple formations must always select to work within the four spots in their Triple {formation} and the four spots in the center Triple {formation}. The dancers in the center Triple {formation} work with the four spots in their Triple {formation} and the four spots in the outside Triple {formation} which is toward the given {direction}. If the {direction} is forward, the Center dancers work with the outside Triple formation which they are facing. If the {direction} is backward, they work with the outside Triple formation which is behind them. If Right (or Left), they work with the outside Triple formation which is to their Right (or Left). If the {direction} is Together, the Center dancers work with the outside triple formation that is closest to them. If the {direction} is Apart, the Center dancers work with the outside triple formation that is furthest from them.

Note: Upon completion of the call, you must merge your two 8-spot formations into one 12-spot formation (i.e., since there are 12 spots at the beginning of the call and there must be 12 spots at the end of the call). This is done by overlapping the resulting two 8-spot formations by 50%.

Triple Play --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 dancer Transfer (Trail Off, Circulate, 1/4 In) as others 1/2 Circulate and Trade; in the new Center Columns #1 dancer Transfer (Trail Off & Roll) as the others 1/2 Circulate and Hinge; all Extend. Ends in Parallel Waves.

Turn The Key --- [C3B]

From applicable formations.

Partner Trade; Counter Rotate 1/4; Hinge. Ends in various formations. This is a 3-part call.

Split Turn The Key [C3B]: Working Split do a Turn The Key (i.e., Partner Trade; Split Counter Rotate 1/4; Hinge.

Turnstyle --- [C3B]

From applicable 4-dancer (and 8-dancer) formations.

Centers (Step To A Wave, if necessary, and) Cast Off 3/4 as Ends 1/4 Right.

Two-Faced Concept --- [C3B]

From various formations.

Replace each Arm Turn 1/2 (i.e., Swing or Slip) with a Partner Trade and do the given call. (E.g., Two-Faced Spin The Top would start from a Two-Faced Line and would be a Partner Trade; Fan The Top.)

We believe that calls which normally start with R-H (such as Swing Thru) become Any Hand calls. Others disagree, believing that Two-Faced Swing Thru starts in the middle from a R-H Two-Faced Line, or that it is illegal to call such a thing.

Cast Off 3/4 often becomes a `Push Cast.'

The given call does not have to begin with an Arm Turn 1/2 (e.g., Two-Faced Reverse The Top).

In calls which involve a Star (e.g., Relay The Top), the Star often becomes a facing Star (or Diamond). Do a Star Circulate (facing Diamond Circulate) for each 1/4 Turn of the Star.

Twosome Concept --- [C3B]

A Twosome consists of two dancers working as a unit and obeying the following set of rules:

Throughout the given call, dancers must retain their geographical orientation in the square with respect to the other dancer in their Twosome unit. This means that a dancer who started on the north side of their Twosome unit must always remain on the north side throughout the entire call.

The two dancers in the Twosome unit are working as if they are one dancer. Therefore, as with In Tandem, As Couples, or Solid, never allow any other dancers to come between or break up the Twosome unit. The dancers within the Twosome unit must always be facing the same direction.

The caller will usually designate who is to work as a Twosome by saying Couples Twosome, Tandem Twosome, or Siamese Twosome. If it is unambiguous as to which dancers are paired, the caller may simply say Twosome.

Wave The {anyone} --- [C3B}

From Eight Chain Thru, from the formation obtained from a Static Set after Heads Pass Thru, or from other applicable formations.

Press Ahead; Outside 4 do their part of designated dancer Kickoff as Center 4 (working Concentric) have the designated dancer Walk and the others Dodge. Ends in various formations. This is a 2-part call.

Wind The Bobbin --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 and #3 Peel Off and Circulate twice (around the outside) as #2 and #4 1/2 Circulate, Cast Off 3/4, Very Centers Trade, and Cast Off 3/4. Ends in Parallel Waves.

With Confidence --- [C3B]

From Parallel Lines with the Ends in Tandem, or other applicable formations.

Centers Hinge and the Very Centers Hinge as the Ends 1/2 Circulate; those as a Couple Extend to become Leaders in Parallel Two-Faced Lines as the others have the Centers U-Turn Back (turning away from the very center) and do your part of a Couples Hinge to become Trailers in Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

Wrap To A {formation} --- [C3A]

From Columns.

#1 dancer 1/2 Split Circulate and Phantom {formation} Circulate 2 as the #2 dancer Circulate, 1/2 Split Circulate and Phantom {formation} Circulate as the #3 dancer Circulate 2 & 1/2 as the #4 dancer Circulate 3; all adjust as necessary to end in the given {formation}.

Z-Axle --- [C3B]

From the Z obtained from a Line with the Centers in a Mini-Wave after a Step & Slide.

Outsides Cross Cast Back; all Partner Trade; Centers Trade. Ends in a Line. This is a 3-part call.

Pass Z-Axle [C3B]: From the "Z" obtained from a Two-Faced Line after the Ends Fold. Pass Thru; Outsides Cross Cast Back; all Partner Trade; Centers Trade. Ends in a Wave. This is a 4-part call.

"Z" Concept --- [C3B] A "Z" is a 2x2 which is offset by one position (e.g., the formation obtained from a Mini-Wave Box after 1/2 Press Ahead). Work in the Offset 2x2 and maintain the footprints.